This article focuses on the vital role women played in drafting the Indian Constitution, a contribution that is often overlooked. While most discussions highlight the male “founding fathers,” the women, known as the “founding mothers,” also played a key role in shaping the country’s future.
These women worked alongside leaders like Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to challenge the deeply rooted patriarchy in society and ensure that the voices of women were heard in the process of building the Indian Republic.
The women in the Constituent Assembly were determined to ensure the Constitution protected women’s rights, but they faced many obstacles along the way.
One of their major goals was to introduce a Uniform Civil Code, which would guarantee equal rights for all citizens in matters such as marriage, inheritance, and family law, regardless of their religion. However, their push for this change was not fully accepted, and instead, it was relegated to the Directive Principles of State Policy, which are guidelines for the government but not enforceable like the Constitution’s Fundamental Rights.
Women leaders like Amrit Kaur and Hansa Mehta also argued against certain religious practices that they believed harmed women. They fought against customs like child marriage and polygamy, which were justified by some in the name of religion.
These women believed that religious freedom should not be used as a shield to deny women their basic rights. Unfortunately, the rights of men to practice their religion were often prioritized over women’s rights to equality, making their battle for change even more difficult.
Despite their significant contributions, the vision of true equality for women set out by these leaders was not fully realized.
Decades later, a 1974 report titled “Towards Equality” revealed that women in India still faced widespread discrimination. Even today, India lacks strong feminist leaders who can continue the work of the founding mothers. Important reforms, such as the Uniform Civil Code, which could address gender inequality, have still not been implemented.
In conclusion, the article highlights the crucial role these women played in shaping the Indian Constitution and advocating for women’s rights. While they made important strides, their work is far from complete, and the fight for gender equality in India is still ongoing.
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