The Supreme Court of India has ruled against a harmful practice known as “bulldozer raj.” This refers to demolishing people’s homes when they are accused of crimes, especially after protests or communal violence. Over the past three years, this practice targeted specific communities unfairly, and some politicians publicly celebrated it as a way to deliver quick justice. The Court said this practice is illegal because it violates basic legal principles and declared that homes cannot be demolished simply because someone is accused or even convicted of a crime.
The Court explained that this practice goes against the rule of law, where everyone deserves a fair legal process. It criticized how authorities acted as judges and enforcers, making decisions without proper legal procedures. It also pointed out that demolitions were often unfairly aimed at certain groups, leaving others untouched. This type of action creates mistrust and promotes injustice.
The Court introduced new guidelines to ensure demolitions are done fairly and legally. Before any demolition, the government must give the person a notice at least 15 days in advance. The person must have the right to respond and explain their situation, including a hearing. Even after a demolition order is passed, the person can appeal it, and the government must wait another 15 days before acting. These steps aim to slow down the process and prevent misuse of power.
To ensure fairness, the Court also required transparency in the process. Notices cannot be fake or backdated. Authorities must provide written reasons explaining why demolishing the home is necessary and why other options, like regularizing the building or partial demolition, are not possible. Officials who break these rules can be held personally responsible and may have to pay compensation for illegal demolitions.
However, the Court’s ruling raised concerns. Many demolitions have already happened, leaving people homeless. The Court did not clearly explain how its decision would help these victims or provide them with compensation. Another problem is that the judgment doesn’t fully protect people living in slums or informal settlements, where the poorest and most vulnerable live. These areas are still at risk of unfair demolitions.
The judgment is a positive step toward ensuring fairness and justice in demolitions. It introduces rules to slow down the process, give people a chance to defend themselves, and hold officials accountable. However, the success of these guidelines depends on how well they are enforced in the future. At the same time, more effort is needed to protect vulnerable groups and ensure everyone has the right to shelter and fair treatment.
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